Which term is used to refer to a formatted arrangement of data containing both header and payload?

The term that refers to a formatted arrangement of data containing both header and payload is "Packet." In networking, packets are used to encapsulate data for transmission across a network. They consist of two main components: the header, which contains metadata about the packet such as source and destination addresses, and the payload, which is the actual data being transmitted. This structure allows for organized communication and efficient handling of data as it moves through various devices in a network.

In contrast, although other terms like frame, segment, and datagram also refer to units of data in networking, they have specific definitions based on the context in which they are used. For instance, frames are often used in the context of data link layer protocols, while segments are associated with the transport layer, and datagrams refer to a unit of data used in the connectionless network layer. Each of these terms carries its own nuances related to how data is structured and transmitted, but a packet is the term that broadly encompasses a formatted arrangement of both header and payload for data transmission.